Tell students that they will be writing multiple functions to compile into a singular program.

Ask students what behaviors a pop star might display while performing on stage. If needed, Brainstorm some famous pop stars that students could choose to mimic. Some ideas may include Beyonce, Justin Timberlake, Lady Gaga. If helpful, have students choose one star to focus the project on.

Display a blank Functions Planning Sheet and model how to complete the worksheet. Model how “moonwalk, dance, and sing” would be fitting for function names. Fill out potential behaviors, and model how to explore blockly for blocks that could be used to code the behavior. Tell students that with OzoBlockly, there will be a broader variety of code available than when they solely used color codes.

Note: While the “Functions” category of blocks lives in Level 4 and 5, allow students to use and explore blocks in the lower levels as well. They will likely find that the movement blocks in Level 3 will be more easily utilized. Explain to students that they will pull the blocks from any level that makes sense for their code.

Model how to create the first function by dragging a function “to ” block from level 4. You can change the name of that ‘do something’ to be anything. If your students are interested, you could show them camelCase.

camelCase is a way that programmers save names for files, functions etc. In programming languages, spaces aren’t allowed in function names, but sometimes the names need to be descriptive. That’s why we use camelCase - the first word can be lower-case, but each following word is capitalized (yes, even those tiny prepositions and articles), e.g., goStraight, makeAUTurn, twoMinuteDance.

Tell students, “This function will be called ‘moonwalk.’ What type of behavior would the Ozobot display if it was mimicking a pop star moonwalking?” Model how to build the code.

Explain to students, “If we try to execute the code, the Ozobot doesn’t do anything. We’ve built the function, but in order for the bot to execute the code, we must CALL the function. We do this by dragging out the corresponding block in the function category. I named my function “Moonwalk”, so I need to drag out the “moonwalk” block. This block does not appear until I have named my function.”

Model how to execute the code.

Model how to build the “dance” and “sing” functions for students.

Note: The music is a sample of what could be done, but is by no means expected. These sound blocks were pulled from Level 5, and are quite sophisticated. This is an exemplar code that introduces your students to the possibilities of what they can code. Set your students up for success by encouraging them to choose blocks that make sense to them, or allow them to copy this sample.

Tell students, “Now we have three functions we can call on, and code in any order we would like. We can even call functions multiple times.” Model how to build a program by calling functions. Remind students, “When you create a function, Ozoblockly automatically makes you a new coding block with the same name. That block will execute any code you wrote in the function.”

Model executing the code, and ask students, “How did our functions make it easier to code?”

Display the Functions Planning Sheet Template. Explain to students that they will create their own program. Review the worksheet and set expectations for the student planning process. Allow students to choose their own subject, or allow them to make their own version of the pop star program.

Optional Extension Instructions: The extension includes an opportunity for students to code the song by using nested functions. Display the sample code and lead a discussion around the chorus of the song. Access the code by: Song URL: https://ozoblockly.com/editor?lang=en&robot=evo&mode=4#imkib3 Share Code: imkib3

Optional Extension Instructions: Inform students that some parts of the song repeat, and that they can write a function that calls other functions. In this case, the beginning notes of the song repeats near the middle of the progression. Remind students, calling functions simplifies code as the other option requires re-writing code that already exists.

Optional Extension Instructions: Explain to students that their goal will be to write a function that calls on other functions.